Questions 1 to 10 are based on the following passage.
| Line |
Galleon, a full-ridged sailing ship, was primarily built for war. The thriving spice trade among European and Asian countries in the 1500’s had brought about the invention of this ship. It was Spain that primarily used the ship, making the country the most dominant player in the market. Galleon, having its own structure and artillery, underwent development in its sailing qualities and artillery capacity. |
| 5 |
| 10 |
Galleon’s developed structure had given some advantages to its utilization during the trade period. Having an average weight of 500 tons, Galleon could accommodate at least 100 crew onboard during trans-Atlantic voyage trade. The vessel’s structure consisted of three masts: foremast, main mast (usually square rigged), and mizzen mast, all being lateen rigged. Compared to its precursor, carrack, galleon had a square tuck stern instead of a round one. Moreover, galleon had a flatter and narrower stern design to support the weight of the aftercastle better. The new design had given the vessel more speed and ability to maneuver more easily. |
| 15 |
The improvement in its structure made galleon stronger and more heavily armed as seen in an English galleon built in 1575, the Revenge. Despite its small size, the galleon could accommodate more artillery. The ship housed artillery on the upper and lower deck. On its last voyage, the ship had twenty heavy cannons (20-30 pounds) on the lower deck, medium cannons (8-10 pounds) on the upper deck, and a variety of anti-personnel weapons, and swivel-mounted breech-loaders, called fowlers or falcons. |
| 20 |
The Revenge proved to be more prevailing than the original galleon designed and built by the Spanish. The Revenge’s being lighter and swifter outmaneuvered and defeated Spanish Armada in 1588. |
| 25 |
To maximize available cargo space, galleon’s designed was minimized in the design of the next generation vessel, fluyt. The design was primarily for facilitating transoceanic cargo delivery with the maximum space and crew efficiency. |
